{"id":1946,"date":"2025-03-21T21:13:08","date_gmt":"2025-03-21T21:13:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alevato.xyz\/?p=1946"},"modified":"2026-06-19T17:08:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T17:08:32","slug":"the-national-museum-goes-to-the-metaverse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alevato.xyz\/portugues\/the-national-museum-goes-to-the-metaverse\/","title":{"rendered":"O MUSEU NACIONAL VAI AO METAVERSO"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Avatar do autor na sala de reuni\u00f5es do LAPID no metaverso<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

O termo \u201cmetaverso\u201d \u00e9 adequadamente atribu\u00eddo a Neal Stepherson em sua obra Snow Crash (STEPHERSON, 1992), no entanto a concep\u00e7\u00e3o de um universo paralelo, inclusive acessado por um dispositivo mediador (no caso, um par de \u00f3culos an\u00e1logos aos capacetes de vis\u00e3o 3D, que s\u00f3 viriam a ser propostos nos anos 60 pelo engenheiro Ivan Sutherland), pode ser anteriormente observada em diversos momentos da hist\u00f3ria datados de tempos bem mais distantes, como, por exemplo, em Pygmalion\u2019s Spectacles escrito por Stanley G. Weinbaum (WEINBAUM, 1935). Nesse caso, a julgar pelo t\u00edtulo escolhido pelo autor, podemos retroceder a ideia ao ano 8 da Era Crist\u00e3, quando Ov\u00eddio, poeta e escultor romano, narrou a hist\u00f3ria de Pigmali\u00e3o, rei da Ilha de Chipre que, desgostoso com seu mundo real, esculpe sua est\u00e1tua Galat\u00e9ia, trazida \u00e0 vida atrav\u00e9s da media\u00e7\u00e3o da deusa Afrodite, criando assim uma esp\u00e9cie de universo paralelo onde Pigmali\u00e3o e Galat\u00e9ia vivem uma vida de felicidade e satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o. Curiosamente a saga \u00e9 apresentada por Ov\u00eddio no livro 10 de seu mais famoso poema, intitulado Metamorfoses (OV\u00cdDIO, 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se formos ainda mais permissivos em nosso racioc\u00ednio, a concep\u00e7\u00e3o de um universo paralelo pode ser transportada para os tempos das origens da humanidade. Algumas correntes dentro da antropologia e da arqueologia biol\u00f3gica consideram as pinturas rupestres, expressas nas paredes das cavernas habitadas por nossos ancestrais, n\u00e3o apenas um registro documental de cenas do cotidiano real, mas como a express\u00e3o de um desejo de uma ca\u00e7ada farta, ou seja, de certo modo, a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um universo paralelo onde esses desejos poderiam ser alcan\u00e7ados (para maiores detalhes ver David et al., 1998\/2008). Assim, a exist\u00eancia de uma \u201cSecond Life\u201d (ROSEDALE, 1999\/2003) pode encontrar correla\u00e7\u00e3o desde os tempos mais remotos de nossa exist\u00eancia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u00e9m das obras liter\u00e1rias citadas, tamb\u00e9m o cinema apresentou e discutiu o tema em diversas produ\u00e7\u00f5es, tais como Tron (1982), The Matrix (1999), Avatar (2009), Surrogates (2009) e Ready Player One (2018), entre diversas outras, muitas delas inclusive baseadas em textos liter\u00e1rios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O Laborat\u00f3rio de Processamento de Imagem Digital \u2022 LAPID<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Implantado em 2003 com base em projeto FINEP para digitaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de Obras Raras da Biblioteca Central do Museu Nacional e de edital FAPERJ\/Pensa Rio, o Laborat\u00f3rio de Processamento de Imagem Digital (LAPID), logo passou a atuar na incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o de ferramentas computacionais avan\u00e7adas nas distintas \u00e1reas de pesquisa cient\u00edfica, educacional e cultural desenvolvidas pelo Museu Nacional\/UFRJ, tendo como principal objeto de trabalho as cole\u00e7\u00f5es cient\u00edficas do Museu (AZEVEDO, 2007).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e1 em 2003 surgiram os primeiros resultados formais (AZEVEDO & CARVALHO, 2008), frutos da parceria estabelecida com o Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT\/MCTI) e com o N\u00facleo de Experimenta\u00e7\u00e3o Tridimensional (NEXT\/PUC-Rio), inicialmente direcionados \u00e0 pesquisa cient\u00edfica atrav\u00e9s do estudo digital dos dinossauros e outros vertebrados f\u00f3sseis brasileiros, resultados esses tamb\u00e9m refletidos nas atividades educacionais com o desenvolvimento de disserta\u00e7\u00f5es de mestrado e teses de doutorado vinculadas aos programas de p\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o do Museu Nacional, entre outros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ao longo dos \u00faltimos anos, o LAPID ampliou suas atividades de modo a englobar outras \u00e1reas de atua\u00e7\u00e3o. Inicialmente foi a Arqueologia com seus acervos nacionais (registro dos povos ancestrais brasileiros, inclusive com a digitaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do cr\u00e2nio de Luzia, \u201ca primeira brasileira\u201d, proveniente de Lagoa Santa, MG) e internacionais (Cole\u00e7\u00e3o Eg\u00edpcia \u2013 especialmente as m\u00famias da cole\u00e7\u00e3o do Museu) e a Fetologia, decorrente de estudos no campo da medicina realizados especialmente por nossos parceiros da PUC-Rio e INT. Como desdobramento dessa fase, ocorre a publica\u00e7\u00e3o de um primeiro livro, com a participa\u00e7\u00e3o de diversos pesquisadores ligados ao LAPID e envolvendo nossos primeiros campos de atua\u00e7\u00e3o (WERNER Jr. & LOPES, 2009).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com o passar dos anos, diversas outras \u00e1reas e departamentos do Museu Nacional e de institui\u00e7\u00f5es colaboradoras foram sendo englobadas (destaque para o meteorito Bendeg\u00f3 e para a cole\u00e7\u00e3o arqueol\u00f3gica de vasos marajoara), o que culminou na publica\u00e7\u00e3o do segundo livro (LOPES et al., 2013) obra que, dessa vez, envolvia mais de 50 pesquisadores de diversas institui\u00e7\u00f5es parceiras. Em 2019, publicamos o terceiro livro (LOPES et al., 2019), agora reunindo 110 autores de 9 pa\u00edses interligados na pesquisa e utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de metodologias tridimensionais em diversas \u00e1reas do conhecimento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Em decorr\u00eancia dessas atividades, mais de 500 pe\u00e7as ic\u00f4nicas do acervo do Museu Nacional (dinossauros e outros vertebrados f\u00f3sseis, m\u00famias, meteoritos, estelas eg\u00edpcias, urnas e vasos, o cr\u00e2nio de Luzia, entre outras) foram digitalizadas atrav\u00e9s do uso de scanners tridimensionais de superf\u00edcie, tomografia tridimensional helicoidal e fotogrametria, tecnologias adaptadas pelo LAPID e seus parceiros \u00e0 pesquisa cient\u00edfica. Algumas dessas pe\u00e7as foram ainda prototipadas (em impressoras tridimensionais) tamb\u00e9m fruto da incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o pioneira dessa tecnologia \u00e0 pesquisa cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O LAPID encontrava-se em franca atividade inclusive com a amplia\u00e7\u00e3o de seu quadro funcional e a presen\u00e7a de alunos e estagi\u00e1rios, quando ocorreu o triste evento de 02 de setembro de 2018; um grande inc\u00eandio atingiu o edif\u00edcio sede do Museu Nacional na Quinta da Boa Vista. Nos momentos de dor que sucederam, os arquivos digitais produzidos pelo LAPID (preservados em backups dispersos) trouxeram uma esperan\u00e7a de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o parcial do acervo atrav\u00e9s de impress\u00e3o tridimensional de c\u00f3pias digitais (GRILLO; LOBO & AZEVEDO, 2020). Posteriormente, com o in\u00edcio do processo de resgate do acervo atingido e com a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o total ou parcial de importantes itens como o cr\u00e2nio de Luzia, meteoritos raros e os exemplares-tipo de dinossauros, os arquivos digitais passaram a ter grande import\u00e2ncia adicional na medida que serviram de guia na recupera\u00e7\u00e3o dos danos e perdas sofridas pelo material original. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

O recorte final do trabalho aqui detalhado foi fortemente influenciado pela realidade imposta pela pandemia de COVID-19 (2020-2022), que for\u00e7ou o aprimoramento de formas de disponibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fados atrav\u00e9s de plataformas digitais (especialmente metaverso).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Outro fator de extrema import\u00e2ncia no desenvolvimento de nossas atividades foi a vincula\u00e7\u00e3o do LAPID ao Projeto Space-XR: Pesquisa em Metaversos Compartilhados, projeto que envolvia, al\u00e9m dos laborat\u00f3rios anteriormente citados, o Visgraf e o Centro PI, ambos do Instituto de Matem\u00e1tica Pura e Aplicada-IMPA\/MCTI. Nesse projeto o LAPID ficou respons\u00e1vel pela coordena\u00e7\u00e3o da linha denominada Patrim\u00f4nio Cient\u00edfico-Cultural e alguns de nossos resultados recentes est\u00e3o apresentados nos cap\u00edtulos que seguem. \u2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Refer\u00eancias<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

AVATAR, 2009. Dire\u00e7\u00e3o James Cameron. Twentieth Century Fox, USA. 162 minutos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AZEVEDO, S. A. K., 2007 (Organizador). O museu nacional<\/strong>, 2007. Banco Safra, S\u00e3o Paulo, 359p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AZEVEDO, S. A. K. & CARVALHO, L. B., 2008. O uso da tomografia computadorizada no estudo de vertebrados f\u00f3sseis no Museu Nacional\/UFRJ \u2013 Use of computed tomography in the study of fossilized vertebrates in the National Museum\/UFRJ. 1-32. In: Heron Werner Jr. & Jorge Lopes, eds., Tecnologias 3D<\/strong>: paleontologia, arqueologia, fetotologia\/Technologies 3D: paleontology, archaeology, fetology. Ed. Revinter, Rio de Janeiro, 190p. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

DAVID, J.; LEWIS-WILLIAMS, D. J.; & CLOTTES, J., 2008. The Mind in the Cave \u2013 the Cave in the Mind<\/strong>: Altered Consciousness in the Upper Paleolithic In: Anthropology of Consciousness, 1998; 9(1):13-21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GRILLO, O.N.; LOBO, L.S.; AZEVEDO, S., 2020. LAPID<\/strong>: Using 3D to Recover Heritage Lost in a Fire. Sketchfab Blog. Cultural Heritage \u2013 Science Spotlight, 20 January 2020. https:\/\/sketchfab.com\/blogs\/community\/lapid-using-3d-to-recover-heritage-lost-in-a-fire\/ (18\/11\/2024). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

LOPES, J.; AZEVEDO, S. A.; WERNER Jr., H. &, BRANCAGLION Jr., A. 2019. Seen\/Unseen<\/strong>. RioBooks, Rio de Janeiro, 244p. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

LOPES, J. R. L.; BRANCAGLION Jr., A.; AZEVEDO, S. A. K. & WERNER Jr., H., 2013. Tecnologias 3D<\/strong>: desvendando o passado, modelando o futuro. Editora Lexikon, 248p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

OV\u00cdDIO (P. Ouidii Nafonis<\/em>), 8. Metamorfoses<\/strong>. Madras Editora, S\u00e3o Paulo, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

READY PLAYER ONE, 2018. Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Steven Spielberg. Warner Bros., USA\/\u00cdndia. 140 minutos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ROSEDALE, P., 1999\/2003. https:\/\/secondlife.com\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

STEPHERSON, N., 1992. Snow Crash<\/strong>. Bantam Books, New York, 480p. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

SURROGATES, 2009, Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Jonathan Mostow. Touchstone Pictures, USA. 89 minutos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

THE MATRIX, 1999. Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Lana Wachowski & Lilly Wachowski. Village Roadshow-Warner Bros., USA\/Austr\u00e1lia. 136 minutos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TRON, 1982, Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Steven Lisberger. Kushner-Lisberger Studios, USA. 96 minutos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WEINBAUM, S. G, 1935. Pygmalion\u2019s Spectacles. e-book Project Gutemberg, 2007. https:\/\/www.gutenberg.org\/files\/22893\/22893-h\/22893-h.htm  (18\/11\/2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WERNER Jr., H. & LOPES, J., 2009. Tecnologias 3D<\/strong>: Paleontologia, Arqueologia e Fetologia. Editora Revinter, 202 p.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The term “metaverse” is aptly attributed to Neal Stepherson in his work Snow Crash (STEPHERSON, 1992), but the notion of a parallel universe, including access through a mediating device (in this case, a pair of glasses analogous to the 3D vision helmets proposed only in the 1960s by engineer Ivan Sutherland), can be traced back […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1988,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[89,57,81,47,82,80],"coauthors":[21],"class_list":["post-1946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-heritage","tag-3d","tag-heritage","tag-lapid","tag-metaverse","tag-museu-nacional","tag-virtual-reality"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe National Museum goes to the Metaverse - EXPANDED REALITY<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alevato.xyz\/portugues\/the-national-museum-goes-to-the-metaverse\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The National Museum goes to the Metaverse - 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